Estonian is the official language of Estonia and, unlike its Baltic neighbours Latvian and Lithuanian, it is not an Indo-European language at all. It belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic family, making Finnish its closest major relative; the two share a good deal of vocabulary, though they are not mutually intelligible in any full sense. Around 1.1 million people speak Estonian, most of them in Estonia itself, with communities in Sweden, Canada and elsewhere dating from wartime emigration. The language uses the Latin alphabet and is known among linguists for its three degrees of length in vowels and consonants and its fourteen grammatical cases. Estonian has been an official language of the European Union since 2004. Its two historical dialect groups are northern and southern.
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