Shangane, also written Shangaan or Changana, is the name commonly used in Mozambique and Zimbabwe for the Tsonga language, a Bantu language of southern Africa. It is spoken in southern Mozambique, where the variety is called Xichangana, in South Africa's Limpopo province, where the standard is known as Xitsonga, and in southeastern Zimbabwe. Taken together the Tsonga-Shangane varieties have several million speakers. In South Africa, Xitsonga is one of the twelve official languages; in Mozambique, Portuguese is official and Changana is a widely spoken regional language, particularly in and around Maputo. The name Shangaan traces back to Soshangane, the nineteenth-century Nguni leader whose Gaza state absorbed the Tsonga peoples. The language is written in the Latin alphabet, with slightly different orthographies in each country.
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