Sranan Tongo is an English-based creole language and the lingua franca of Suriname, on the northern coast of South America. It arose in the seventeenth century among enslaved Africans on plantations, building its vocabulary mainly from English with substantial contributions from Dutch, Portuguese and West African languages. Dutch remains Suriname's official language and the medium of schooling, but Sranan Tongo is the language most Surinamese actually share, spoken by the great majority of the population as a first or second language, several hundred thousand people in all. It is written in the Latin alphabet with an official spelling adopted in the 1980s. Large Surinamese communities in the Netherlands keep the language alive there too. Sranan Tongo sits alongside other Surinamese creoles such as Saramaccan and Aukan.
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